Research-intensive, judgment-heavy, changes faster than any other segment.
4 AI translations · Insurance
You evaluate workforce demographics, HR practices (handbook quality, training, complaint procedures), litigation history (EEOC charges, state complaints, private lawsuits), and regulatory environment (pay transparency, etc.).
E&O varies dramatically by profession. You evaluate qualifications, client concentration, contract terms (limitation of liability, indemnification), quality control, and prior claims.
You evaluate D&O submissions by analyzing financial statements, SEC filings, corporate governance, litigation history, and industry-specific risks. You assess Side A/B/C coverage structures, excess tower positioning, and M&A-related exposures.
Cyber underwriting evolves quarterly. You evaluate IT security controls (MFA, EDR/MDR, patch management, backups), data governance, incident response preparedness, regulatory exposure (PII volume, HIPAA/PCI), and business interruption exposure. Actuarial credibility is thin because the peril is emerging.